4/16/2009 - Battleship is a large-caliber artillery
Battleship is a large-caliber artillery and heavy armored Wholesale electronics force to attack the protective force of the main demands of the high tonnage of naval warships.Digital Camera As a result of this warships from the 1860s until World War II began to develop gradually declined until the end, has been a major sea power of the country one of the main ship, so in the past and was once known as the main ship, but because of modern Since the battleship was the strategic position of the aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines to replace the fleet is no longer the main force,Digital Camcorder so to call this approach is relatively meaningless. Battleship is the history of mankind to create the most massive, complex weapons systems in the world, in its heyday period - 20 century and the beginning of the Second World War, battleship is the only means of long-range attack with strategic weapons platforms, so by the importance of the naval powers.
Finally, a battleship has been retired in 1998.
[Edit this paragraph] sailing times
"Battleship" in the original English text for the Battleship, literally translated as "battle-ship." The name originated in the era of sailing, "Battle ship battle line" (Main Line of Battle Ships).cell phone watch Battleship name is 1655 ~ 1667 with the United Kingdom - Netherlands War naval tactical changes occur. At that time, the two warring sides for naval fleet in the naval battle in their own separate column line out of the battle line, to carry out the same or different side to the different sides of the same side of the direction of artillery on the radio. Whatever its size large enough to participate in this combat ships were known as Battleship (Ships of the Line).built in 1638, "Sea King" No. This is the first warship, it has 3 layers freeboard deck guns, 102 artillery pieces. At this time all of the wooden sailing battleship.
17th century 70's, the British naval ship in accordance with the following criteria for the classification: the world's oldest active warship of the British Royal Navy Victory
A ship - the deck of the three guns,mobile phone more than 100 guns, more than the number of 875, 2500 ~ 3500 tons displacement. Representation of ships for the naval battle in Trafalgar Admiral Nelson's flagship "Victory" is.
II vessels - three-deck guns, guns 90 ~ 98, the number of about 750, more than 2,000 tons displacement.
Three vessels - two to three-tier deck guns, guns 64 ~ 80, the number of about 490 ~ 720, 1300 ~ 2000 tons displacement. This is the British naval force in the largest number of ships.
Four vessels - two-tier deck guns, guns 50 ~ 56, the number of about 350 people, more than 1,000 tons displacement.
The above-mentioned four ships were known as the battleship. Under the scale of this is classified as a frigate ship (Frigate), cruise ship (Corvette) and sloop (Sloop).
At this point essentially all of the battleship construction timber, and sometimes below the waterlinepackage. Driving force for the sailing, weapons for the former bore cannon, used to destroy the hull of the launch of the round shot,cell phone canister of anti-personnel and the destruction of the chain gear shells.
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After the mid-19th century, as science and technology and the development of shipbuilding industry, dinghy sailing battleship power gradually gave way to steam power battleship, battleship entered the steam engine as a driving force in the era of steel ships. 1849, France built the world's first steam engine in an auxiliary power unit for the battleship - "Napoleon", which became the Navy battleship pioneer of steam power. It with the main driving force for the steam engine, but still hung in the sail as auxiliary power. From 1853 to 1856 the Crimean War, laid a steam armored battleship in modern naval fleet in the decisive dominance. 1859, France built a displacement of 5630 tons of "great honor" No. (Gloire) battleship. In 1860, the British built a displacement of 9137 tons of "Warriors" No. (HMS Warrior) battleship. The two warships outside coated iron armor, be regarded as two of the world's first steam ship armor. "Warrior" is also linked to the sailing auxiliary, sailing warships until 20 years after disappearing. In the United States during the Civil War, the United States north of the small armored naval gunboat "monitor" No. (USS Monitor) used for the first time the closed-type turret room. Navy confederation with the South's "Virginia" is an armored ship (CSS Virginia) have taken place between the first modern sense of the artillery at sea - 1862 Dun-hai-year battle Hampshire.
1862, France built the first revolving gun turret fitted with the battleship "Prince Albert", which as a result of gun turret-style to any direction, lined up out front-line tactical warfare Column seems outdated, so for a period of time in armored ship's name replaced the battleship.
In 1873, France into a "torn" battleship, the abolition of the use of sailing ships has been the tradition, the history of the world's first naval power of pure steam battleship. 70s to the 19th century, the world's naval power in the steam armored battleship has reached a higher level. The steam engine for ships not only provided the impetus to push forward,mp4 player and steam is also being used to manipulate the rudder system, mooring system, rotating the armored turret system, filled with ammunition, water pumping and small boats, such as carrier-based take-off and landing. Large-scale displacement of steam armored battleship 8000-9000 t reach to promote the power of 6000-8000 horsepower. At this time the main deck of the battleship in the central axis, or goes on both sides can be equipped with omni-directional 360-degree rotating turret armor, guns are commonly used by the spiral rifling, attack power further enhanced. At this point most of the battleship known as the can be called during this period is representative of the battleship.
[Edit this paragraph] before the fearless type battleship
Royal Sovereign1892, the British built the world's first all-steel goes one of the battleship - "Royal Sovereign" No. (HMS Royal Sovereign) (monarchial power-class battleship), the vessel subsequently become a model battleship design. It uses four pairs of joint primary guns, before the configuration after the manner of a turret installed in the vertical axis line, stepped up the number of deputy and angle distribution of all the firepower to focus on the lateral side, the title of battleship name and restored. Since then, the commonly used steel battleship goes, loaded with a displacement of 12,000 tons can be achieved using spiral rifled bore the primary guns reached 300-350 mm goes protective armor thickness 230-450 mm, speed to 16-18. At this point, the gun power, armor protection, and speed and displacement and so on, become recognized as the four elements of the construction of battleships. Britain, France, Germany, the United States, Japan, Italy, Russia, Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Navy and other countries have a large number of battleships built or imported. Battleship strength has become a powerful symbol of the Navy.
At this point most of the battleship caliber of the two primary guns and equipment, primary guns arranged in a vertical axis goes online to fight against the enemy battleship, arranged in two primary guns on both sides goes for the cruisers and confrontation light warships. Driving force for the use of reciprocating steam engine.
[Edit this paragraph] Dreadnought
1906, a new battleship emerged. Dreadnaught (Dreadnaught) the name of the fearless from the British Navy battleship (HMS Dreadnaught). It uses a unified model of heavy artillery, as well as the high power of steam turbine. Design and implementation of its well-known Italian engineer, Colonel the idea of the Treasury, a displacement of 17,900 tons, speed 21, equipped with a turret mounted on 5 of 10 primary guns 305 millimeters, 24 76 mm, underwater torpedo Explorer 5, which at that time other than the largest armored ship's firepower but also a more than strong; the two sides, the armored turret and tower 280 millimeters thick. No. fearless of the water, the Navy accelerated the competitiveness of countries. Nassau Class Battleship in Germany, the United States of South Carolina class battleship and its follow-up to ship its fearless have adopted the standards; the Italian league, butspy camerain the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as well as the joint forces of the revolutionary class in the use of layout vertical axis goes online primary guns loaded triple turret. Be unified such battleship named "Dreadnought." Its characteristics can be summarized as: the primary guns speak with one voice (usually a diameter of 11 to 13.5 inches), the layout of the main turret ship bow and stern ship, as well as the staggered arrangement in the Department of amidships. Displacement of more than 20,000 tons are for the most part, the general use of steam turbine as the driving force, speed over 19. During this period, the United Kingdom and Germany launched a large-scale naval arms race. To the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the British battleship and battle out a total of 73 cruisers, Germany has 52.
[Edit this paragraph] fearless super-class battleship
As the primary guns caliber battleship to 13.5 to 15 inches, increasing the effective range of artillery, turret primary guns are arranged in the horizontal axis goes online, the reduction or elimination of the Department of the main turret amidships with a displacement of 25,000 tons to more than This fearless battleship known as "Super Dreadnaught", the Japanese referred to as "super-crossbow-class warships." United Kingdom Orion Class Battleship, Queen Elizabeth-class battleship, Germany's Bavaria-class battleship, the United States, Nevada class battleship, the Japanese Fuso class battleship, and its follow-up can be regarded as a typical ship of the super-Dreadnought (Post-Dreadnaught).
World War I in 1916, Britain, Germany broke out between the two navies, the largest in human history of naval warfare - warfare on . Battleship is the key to the sea to become the "big ship winning slugger and" theory of history vertex. According to the lessons of the sea, the main countries to improve the fearless naval ship design. The main improvements include: increasing primary guns caliber, improved turret, and other parts of the defense arsenal; to take the focus of protective measures, key parts of the thickening of the armor, the reduction or elimination of non-critical parts of the armor; attention to the level of protection, as well as below the water line protection against torpedoes. This type battleship fearless, often referred to as "post-Jutland battleship-type" (Post-Jutland Battleship). For example, the British Nelson class battleship built.
[Edit this paragraph] treaty era
Germany and the Allies of World War I to the end in failure. In accordance with the Armistice Agreement in 1918, the German High Seas Fleet surrendered to the Allies, and on the Orkney Islands in northern British scapa Bay, waiting for the allocation of war reparations to the victors. However, most of warships in June 21, 1919 by the German sailors scuttled.
During the war, the naval power are the size and design of more powerful battleship firepower, primary guns diameter up to 16-18 inches. As the battleship construction and maintenance costs extremely high cost of such an arms race in the high end of the war is clearly no longer necessary. During the Washington Conference in 1922, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France and Italy signed a five naval power "limit naval armaments treaty" (Washington Naval Treaty) to limit the battleship and battle cruiser out of the tonnage (35,000 tons) and the primary guns caliber ( shall not be more than 16 inches), and the provisions of the United States, Britain, Japan, France, Italy Five Navy battleship (Battleship and Battle Cruiser) 10:10:6:3.5:3.5 tonnage ratio. in 1930 signed the "limitations and naval arms reduction treaty "(the London Naval Treaty) was supplemented by the provisions of this.
From 1922 to 1936, 15 years known as the "naval holiday" Time (Navy Holiday), countries large battleship construction program has been terminated or canceled, the battleship has been replaced by the update and transform.
[Edit this paragraph] super battleship
U.S. Navy battleship North Carolina December 31, 1936, "The Washington Naval Treaty," the expiration of void, the naval power to start the construction of battleships. The British built a five-class battleship King George V and Lion class battleship construction program. The U.S. Navy built a two-class battleship North Carolina, South Dakota-class battleship 4, four Iowa-class battleship and plans to build Montana-class battleship. Italian Navy built four Veneto-class battleship, the construction of three French Navy Battleship Richelieu repetition and plans to further improve the construction of three ships, the Japanese navy, "and the" German Navy battleship built a two-class battleship Bismarck and start the two H-class destroyers, the Japanese Navy and the construction of a two-class battleship, the "Japanese" and "Musashi" battleship, is the world's largest battleship completed. Most of the battleship during the period of 15 or 16 inches or 18 inches diameter primary guns, speed up to 27 or even 30 or more. George V Class Battleship is a classic battleship Treaty
Needs to be emphasized is that the British King George V class battleship, the U.S. battleship North Carolina and South Dakota-class battleship class, the Italian navy's Veneto-class battleship, the Richelieu French Navy ships, such as repetition battleship are public in name " Treaty battleship era. " In the design or construction process is bound by the treaty or influence.
During this period, as a result of aircraft carriers and submarines as a Navy combat ship of the main types of battleship in World War II naval gradually reduced to second-class battleship. Battle of the Atlantic, the British Navy around the German battleship Bismarck and Tirpitz battleship launched a large-scale campaign of action. The rest of time, allies of the battleship task is mainly engaged in convoy. The battle of the Normandy landings, the United Kingdom and the United States as the old battleship has been the target of the task of shelling the shore.
Battlefields in the Pacific, eight U.S. Navy in Pearl Harbor most of the old battleship has suffered loss, in which up to salvage six in the country after the repair to take up the task objectives to support amphibious shore bombardment mission. The new high-speed construction of the battleship as the Fleet aircraft carrier alert (in particular, anti-aircraft radar warning and post-ship) tasks. U.S. battleship force in 1944 of Wright Bay naval night in Surigao Strait, and the Japanese battleship team history to start the last battleship artillery, the navy sank two Japanese battleship Fuso class.
August 15, 1945, the representative of Japan in the United States battleship Missouri at the signing of the surrender document. Battleship in a glorious career in the Navy reached a peak, and end.
After World War II, the battleship countries have to sell as scrap steel to the demolition of a private company, or as a target ship and weapons test platforms were destroyed. United States Navy Iowa-class battleships had put the Korean War and the Vietnam War, and then sealed his retirement.
The 1980s, the United States has already retired four "Iowa" class battleship modernization modification, installation of new types of radar, missiles, air defense, electronic warfare and command and control communications systems, re-enter active duty, were deployed in the Pacific and Atlantic, an independent naval operations to support the goal of landing on shore and attack missions. In January 1991 in the Gulf War, the U.S. military had used the "Missouri" and "Wisconsin" battleship shelling targets in Iraq and launching cruise missiles. However, since 1993, the U.S. battleship 4 from active service again, "Battleship" This level is also an official classification from the U.S. Navy ship in active service was removed.
At present, only the United States around the world four Iowa-class battleship, two South Dakota-class battleship and the number of North Carolina, USS Texas, as well as Japan's Ex-Mikasa fearless type battleship as a floating museum to be preserved permanently. freeblog
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